托福聽力中經常會涉及文藝復興時期的題材考察，掌握一定的背景知識有利于我們高效備考托福聽力，下面我們就來詳細了解一下文藝復興時期的一位代表人物——米開朗琪羅。

The Renaissance (/r?n??sɑ?ns/) is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries. It grew in fragments, with the very first traces found seemingly in Italy, coming to cover much of Europe, for some scholars marking the beginning of the modern age.

“文藝復興”的概念在14-17世紀時已被意大利的人文主義作家和學者所使用。文藝復興最先在意大利各城市興起，以后擴展到西歐各國，于16世紀達到頂峰，帶來一段科學與藝術革命時期，揭開了近代歐洲歷史的序幕，被認為是中古時代和近代的分界。

【關鍵詞】

renaissance [?ren?sɑ:ns] n. 文藝復興

span [sp?n] v. 跨越，持續

scholar ['skɑl?] n. 學者

Resistance to Catholic culture first appeared in the 14th-century in Italy, some Italian citizens and intellectuals were sick of the Catholic theocracy and its hypocritical asceticism. Because of the lack of well-developed culture, they chose to revive ancient Greek and Roman culture to convey their thoughts.

在14世紀城市經濟繁榮的意大利，最先出現了對天主教文化的反抗。當時意大利的市民和世俗知識分子，一方面極度厭惡天主教的神權地位及其虛偽的禁欲主義，另一方面由于沒有成熟的文化體系取代天主教文化，于是他們借助復興古代希臘、羅馬文化的形式來表達自己的文化主張。

【關鍵詞】

resistance [r?'z?st?ns] n. 反抗，抵抗力

intellectual [,?nt?'l?kt?u?l] n.知識分子 adj.聰明的，明智的

convey [k?n've?] v. 傳達，表達

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni or more commonly known by his first name Michelangelo (/?ma?k?l??nd??lo?/; 6 March 1475 – 18 February 1564) was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect and poet of the High Renaissance, who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art.

米開朗基羅(1475年3月6日- 1564年2月18日)，意大利文藝復興時期著名的雕塑家、畫家、建筑師和詩人，對西方藝術的發展產生了無與倫比的影響。

【關鍵詞】

exert [?ɡ'z?t] v. 運用;施以影響

A number of Michelangelo's works of painting, sculpture and architecture rank among the most famous in existence. He sculpted two of his best-known works, The Pietà and David, before the age of thirty. And he also created two of the most influential frescoes in the history of Western art: the scenes from Genesis on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome, and The Last Judgment on its altar wall.

米開朗基羅一生著作巨多，不僅在繪畫領域，他在雕塑和建筑方面也頗有成就，為后人留下了許多優秀作品。他最著名的雕刻作品《哀悼基督》和《大衛》，完成時他還不到30歲。繪畫方面，他創造了西方藝術史上最具影響力的兩個壁畫:在羅馬西斯廷教堂天花板上的《創世紀》，以及布滿教堂祭壇后方墻面的《最后的審判》。

【關鍵詞】

sculpture ['sk?lpt??] n. 雕塑

architecture ['ɑrk?'t?kt??] n. 建筑

influential [,?nflu'?n?l] adj. 有影響力的

fresco ['fr?sko] n. 壁畫

scene [si?n] n. 場面，景象