一、利用上下文線索猜測詞義
1、根據同義、反義關系猜詞
Today' s teenagers seem to be more liberal in their ideas than their _______grandparents.
A. freethinking B. traditional C. old D. happy traditional與liberal意思相反,故選B.
2、根據句意或段落文章的上、下文猜測詞義
Klebold and Harris felt _______ and wanted to revenge against those who disliked playing together with them or laughed at them.
A. discouraged B. ashamed C. tired D. separated
根據下文的disliked playing together with them判斷此處應為“感到孤立”,故選D.
二、利用構詞法猜測詞義
1、用前、后綴猜測詞義英語中的前綴、后綴構詞頗多,且特定的綴往往表示特定的含義,把握住這一點,可起到以不變應萬變的效果。
1)He had been overworking and fell ill at last. overwork是由前綴over-加動詞構成,over有“超過、過于”之意,overwork意思是“工作過多,勞累過度”。再如,overburden負擔過重,overcharge要價過高,overdo做得過分。
英語中常用的前綴還有:
mis-錯,誤:misfortune不幸;mislead誤導;mismanage處理不當,
mid-中央:midnight半夜;midway半路
under-低于:underdone半生不熟的;underestimate低估
anti-反對:antibody抗體;anticyclone反氣旋;antifreeze防凍劑
2、利用合成詞猜測詞義。
Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening, and everyonepartakes in for fun.根據短語構成及上下文意思看,此處partakes in相當于takes part in.再如break out-outbreak(名詞爆發),set out-outset(名詞起始),come in-income(名詞收入)