托福閱讀的指代題是考試中較為常見的高頻題型之一，而指代題本身也屬于難度不高但耗時較多的題型。如何才能更有效率地解答指代題?下面小編就來為大家具體分析指代題的實用解題思路，一起來看。

托福閱讀指代題解題思路實例分析

1. 主從復合句中的指代在主從復合句中，第二句的代詞主語經常指代第一句的名詞主語。例如：

The fins are stiff, smooth, and narrow, qualities that also help cut drag. When not in use, the fins are tucked into special grooves or depressions so that they lie flush with the body and do not break up its smooth contours. The word they in the passage refers to?

A. qualities

B. fins

C. grooves

D. depressions

在這一例子中，從句so that they…中的代詞主語they指代主句的名詞主語the fins，因此第二個選項為正確答案。

如果主從復合句中一個句子(可以是主句，也可以是從句)使用被動語態，包含被動語態的句子中的主語常指代另一句中的賓語。例如，Similarly, a plant or animal cannot squander all its energy on growing a big body if none would be left over for reproduction, for this is the surest way to extinction. The word none in the passage refers to?

A. food

B. plant or animal

C. energy

D. big body

在本例中，if引導的從句使用了被動語態，代詞主語none指代前面主句中的賓語energy.因此，第三個選項為正確答案。

2. 并列動詞中的指代如果一個句中有兩個并列的動詞，第二個動詞的代詞賓語經常指代前一個動詞后的名詞賓語。例如，

Artists are recognizing the distinction between public and private spaces, and taking that into account when executing their public commissions.

The word “that” in line 27 refers to

A. contemporary art

B. opportunity

C. audience

D. distinction

句中有兩個并列的動詞recognizing和taking (into account)，其中recognizing的賓語是distinction，而taking的賓語是that.根據上述技巧，that指代distinction.因此，D為正確答案。

3. 平行結構中的指代

平行結構主要包括some/most/many/such/each…, others…; not only…but also…; the former…the latter等。在這種結構中，平行結構兩個部分的兩個代詞經常指代同一對象：前一句中的名詞主語。例如，In Southwest France in the 1940s, playing children discovered Lascaux Grotto, a series of narrow cave chambers that contain huge prehistoric paintings of animals. Many of these beasts are as large as 16 feet (almost 5 meters). Some follow each other in solemn parades, but others swirl about, sideways and upside down.

The word others in the passage refers to

A. chambers

B. paintings

C. beasts

D. parades

原文包含平行結構some…others，它們都指代前一句中的名詞主語beasts，因此第三個選項為正確答案。

4. 所有格的指代

所有格代詞經常指代其前面與其最接近的名詞。例如：

Folk-made objects give way to their popular equivalent, usually because the popular item is more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time saving to use, or lends more prestige to the owner.

The word “their” in line 1 refers to

A. folk

B. nations

C. countries

D. objects

根據所有格指代的解題技巧，their指代前面位置最近的名詞objects，因此D為正確答案。

5. 指代的接力棒現象這一現象是指被考的代詞對應前面一個相同的代詞，而前面的代詞指代更前一句中的名詞。例如:

While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain location.

The word “they” in line 8 refers to

A. North Americans

B. news shows

C. interviews

D. opinions

在這一例子中，第二句中的代詞they(reflect the opinions…)對應第一句中的they(are not…)，而第一個they指代前面從句中的名詞主語interviews，那么第二個they也指代interviews，因此C為正確答案。

以上就是托福閱讀中指代題5種實用解題思路的實例精講，希望能為大家解答這一題型提供參考和幫助。