我們國內(nèi)考試其實(shí)語法是特別看重的，對于語法方面的考察其實(shí)已經(jīng)算得上是老生常談了，很多考生都非常慶幸如今的考試不設(shè)針對語法這方面的專項(xiàng)考試，但是語法仍然是不容小覷的，在考試當(dāng)中處處體現(xiàn)著這方面的要求，就比如說作文方面
針對于雅思作文的語法講解：
1. 名詞/主格代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞。名詞/主格代詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間主謂關(guān)系(主動(dòng))。如：
The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn't know what to say.
姑娘兩眼望著他，他不知道說什么好。
Time permitting (= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow. 如果時(shí)間允許的話，我們明天去郊游。
John being away, Harry had to do the work.
由于約翰不在，哈里就得做這個(gè)工作。
Miss Yang being our English teacher, we'll have a happy time this term.
楊小姐當(dāng)我們的英語老師，本學(xué)期我們將會(huì)很愉快。
He sat in front of them, dressed in a plain, ill-fitting suit, never moving, his dusty face masking his age.
他一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地坐在他們面前，穿著一套普通的、不合身的西服，他滿面灰塵，讓人看不出他的年齡。
2. 名詞/主格代詞+過去分詞。名詞/主格代詞與過去分詞之間的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系(被動(dòng))。如：
The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.
隨著問題的解決，質(zhì)量已經(jīng)提高了。
Her glasses broken (= Because her glasses were broken), she couldn't see the words on the blackboard.
由于眼鏡摔壞了，她看不見黑板上的字。
She gazed, her hands clasped to her breast.
她凝視著，雙手叉在胸前。
3. 名詞/主格代詞+不定式。名詞/主格代詞與不定式之間是主謂關(guān)系，可表將來，強(qiáng)調(diào)一次具體性的動(dòng)作。如：
He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help.
借助于一些舊零件，他要做一個(gè)飛機(jī)模型。
They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore.
他們道別后，一個(gè)回了家，一個(gè)去了書店。
Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out next month.這是頭兩卷，第三卷下個(gè)月出版。
So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed.
有如此多的人來幫助他，他一定會(huì)成功的。
A number of officials followed the emperor, some to hold his robe, others to adjust his girdle, and so on.
許多官員尾隨皇帝之后，有的拎著皇帝的衣袍，有的則給他整腰帶等。
4. 名詞/主格代詞+形容詞(形容詞(短語)說明前面名詞或代詞的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài))。如：
An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive.
那架飛機(jī)遭遇了空難，無一人生還。
So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off.
這么多人缺席，會(huì)議不得不取消。
She appeared in front of us, her face bright with joy.
她出現(xiàn)在我們面前，臉上閃耀著快活的神色。
He sat in the front row, his mouth half open.
他坐在前排，嘴半開著。
The floor wet and slippery, we stayed outside.
由于地板又濕又滑，我們呆在屋外。
5. 名詞/主格代詞+副詞(副詞也多是說明前面名詞或代詞的狀態(tài))。如：
He put on his sweater wrong side out.
他把毛衣穿反了。
The meeting over, they all went home.
會(huì)議一結(jié)束，他們就都回家了。
副標(biāo)題#e#
6. 名詞/主格代詞+介詞短語。如：
The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand.
那男孩手里拿著書去教室。
Mary was sitting near the fire, her back towards the door.
瑪麗靠近火爐坐著，背對著門。
Peter lay down in an old box, his rifle beside him.
彼得躺在一只舊箱子里，他的步槍放在身邊。
The soldiers dashed in, rifle in hand.
士兵們端著槍沖了進(jìn)來。
He was waiting, his eyes on her back.
他在等著，眼睛望著她的背影。
7. There being +名詞(代詞)。如：
There being nothing else to do, we went home.
沒有別的事可做，我們就回家了。
There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed.
沒有再要討論的事了，我宣布散會(huì)。
8. It being +名詞(代詞)。如：
It being Christmas, the government offices were closed.
由于圣誕節(jié)的緣故，政府機(jī)關(guān)都休息。
It being a holiday, all the shops were shut.
由于今天是假日，所有商店都關(guān)門了。
9. 名詞/代詞+名詞。 如：
He fought the wolf, a stick his only weapon.
他和狼搏斗著，唯一的武器是一根棍棒。
