托福閱讀10大題型中的否定事實信息題Negative Factual Information Question一直被認為是比較雞肋的題型，難度并不算高但做起來卻很花時間，是很多同學都不太愿意碰到的題型。那么有沒有什么能夠快速解答這一題型的方法技巧呢?下面小編就通過實例來為大家稍作分析。

托福閱讀否定事實信息題基本題型特點介紹

首先來看一下到底什么是否定事實信息題Negative Factual Information Question，這一題型在小編看來其實類似事實信息題，只不過其提問方式是反過來的，別人問的哪個選項在文章中有提到，而否定事實信息題則是問以下哪個選項文章里沒有提到或是不正確，下面給出兩個此題型的標準提問方式：

1. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of X?

2. The author's description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT.

大家可以看到，這兩種提問方式，都是和事實信息題反其道而行的提問方式，如果說事實信息題考生無需看完全部選項，只要依次看選項，看到哪一個文章里有提到就能直接選的話，那么否定事實信息題就要求考生必須把所有的選項都仔細過一遍才能比較容易的發現正確選項。

為什么說否定事實信息題是雞肋題型?

之所以把否定事實信息題成為雞肋題型，主要原因還是在于解答這類題型投入的時間精力和回報并不成比了，簡單來說，如果不掌握正確方法，做這類題型基本上都是在做虧本買賣。而會招致這種雞肋評價的原因主要有兩點：

1. 正常流程解題耗時多

如上文所說，考生按照正常流程解答否定事實信息題的耗時是比較多的，因為每道題目4個選項中，有3個選項是文章中提到過或是符合文章內容的選項，為了確認這些選項的正確性考生往往會逐一到文章里去尋找各個選項的對應內容，之后才能找到哪個選項沒有提到或是存在錯誤。這個解題流程的耗時可能是解答其它題型的好幾倍，但題目的基本分值卻是相同的，由此其性價比也就變得很低了。

2. 自帶審題陷阱針對粗心考生

另外，細心看過上面題目提問方式的同學可能已經發現了，無論是NOT還是EXCEPT，雖然都特意進行了大寫處理，但因為其所在位置處于題目的末尾處，因此對于一些看題不仔細，沒看完全部題目就開始做題的粗心考生來說，這種提問方式本身也是自帶陷阱的，常會有考生一不小心就看成了相反的題目要求做錯題目。明明難度并不算高，做起來卻那么費時間又容易出錯，也難怪這一題型會不受大家待見了。

否定事實信息題實用解題思路實例分析

那么，面對這樣雞肋的否定事實信息題，考生是否有較為快捷高效率的解題方法思路呢，答案當然是有的，下面小編就通過實例來為大家做具體分析：

例題：

Darwin's theory is that 'selective breeding' occurs in nature as 'natural selection' is the engine behind evolution. Thus, the theory provides an excellent basis for understanding how organisms change over time. Nevertheless, it is just a theory and elusively difficult to prove. One of the major holes in Darwin's theory revolves around “irreducibly complex systems.” An irreducibly complex system is known as a system where many different parts must all operate together. As a result, in the absence of one, the system as a whole collapses. Consequently, as modern technology improves, science can identify these “irreducibly complex systems” even at microscopic levels. These complex systems, if so inter-reliant, would be resistant to Darwin's supposition of how evolution occurs. As Darwin himself admitted, “To suppose that the eye with all its inimitable contrivances for adjusting the focus for different distances, for admitting different amounts of light, and for the correction of spherical and chromatic aberration, could have been formed by natural selection, seems, I free confess, absurd in the highest degree.

Question: All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 4 as a viewpoint to state the natural selection is difficult to prove EXCEPT

A. The belief that the complexity of the human eye could have been formed by natural selection seems highly unlikely

B. The presence of irreducibly complex system contradicts how evolution occurs

C. Modern microbiology proves that irreducibly complex systems exist

D. Selective breeding is the major hole in the theory of natural selection

上面這道題就是一道較為標準的否定事實信息題，想要較為快速的解答這類題型，小編的建議有如下幾點：

1. 先看題目再看文章

現在大部分考生采取的托福閱讀的解題流程都是邊看文章邊做題，這么做效率會比較高一些，這種做法小編也是比較支持的，但在具體操作上，小編的建議是考生可以先看一下題目所屬的段落，然后再根據題目來逐段閱讀，也就是說，大家在開始看每段文章前，先把根據這段文章提出的幾道題目都簡單審一下題，之后再看文章邊看邊找答案。這種做法對于提升否定事實信息題的解題效率會很有幫助，先圈定了對應段落，考生需要查看核對選項是否提及或是正確與否的范圍自然也會縮小很多，核對起信息來效率就能得到提升了。

以上面這一題為例，題目中直接告訴了大家這道題就是圍繞著paragraph4來出的，因此考生只需要關注這個段落就可以找到答案。如果考生先看過了題目，了解了4個選項的大概意思，之后再仔細閱讀一遍第四段，那么想要找出正確答案想必會省力很多。

2. 歸納段落大意和核心信息

確定好題目的對應段落，接下來大家就需要在閱讀文章的同時歸納段落大意和核心信息了，因為否定事實信息題涉及到的都是文章里的事實信息，所以考生只要對段落里包含的各類事實信息進行整理歸納，再逐一對應到選項上進行排除就能迅速找到答案。

比如上面這道題，選項A對應的是文章最后一句 “As Darwin himself admitted, “To suppose that the eye with all its inimitable contrivances for adjusting the focus for different distances, for admitting different amounts of light, and for the correction of spherical and chromatic aberration, could have been formed by natural selection”.

選項B對應的是“One of the major holes in Darwin's theory revolves around “irreducibly complex systems.” An irreducibly complex system is known as a system where many different parts must all operate together. As a result, in the absence of one, the system as a whole collapses.”和“These complex systems, if so inter-reliant, would be resistant to Darwin's supposition of how evolution occurs”

選項C對應的是“Consequently, as modern technology improves, science can identify these “irreducibly complex systems” even at microscopic levels.”

唯獨選項D沒有對應內容，文中提到的major hole是irreducibly complex systems而并非selective breeding，因此這個選項才是本題要選的選項。

從上面這道例題就可以看出，考生想要較為迅速地解答否定事實信息題，其實掌握方法后還是可以做到的，只需要按照上面這兩點來解題，小編相信大家的解題效率和正確率都會得到提升。最后小編祝大家能夠順利掌握上述解題思路方法，順利應對難題拿到理想的閱讀成績。