我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)備考托福寫作的時(shí)候，一定要多注意積累詞匯和短語表達(dá)，有了大量的詞匯積累后，再在寫作中嘗試著去應(yīng)用。牛學(xué)君為大家整理了托福寫作中常用的詞匯，希望對(duì)大家備考有幫助。

一.托福寫作常用詞匯

1、合作:cooperate、join forces、make joint efforts、work side by side;

2、支持，贊成:uphold、agree with、in favor of、approve of;

3、優(yōu)秀的:perfect、brilliant、first rank、first-class;

4、有益的、建設(shè)性的:useful、helpful、valuable、constructiv;

5、永遠(yuǎn)的:eternal、perpetual、lasting throughout life;

6、過時(shí)的:outdated、outmoded、anachronistic、antiquated;

7、年輕人：young people、youth、youngster、young adult ;

8、短暫的：transitory、transient、ephemeral、short-lived ;

9、一些：a range of、a variety of、a series of、an array of ;

10、承認(rèn)：admit、confes、acknowledge、concede;

11、利用：use、take advantage of ;

12、想法：frame of mind、mind set、the way one is thinking ;

13、支持：support、endorse、uphold、back up ;

14、不恰當(dāng)：inappropriate、improper、unsuitable、inadequate;

15、偶爾：now and then、from time to time、at times;

16、合適：fit、suit、be suitable;

17、需要：require、need、demand、it is necessary for..to..;

18、解釋：tell、explain、spell out、say how;

19、初始的：preliminary ;

20、依序列舉：list in sequence。

以上是牛學(xué)君為大家整理的托福寫作常用詞匯，除了寫作常用詞匯外，我們還要注意常常被誤用的詞。

二.4組常被誤用的詞

1.compare與contrast的誤用

我們先從兩者的定義入手來看兩者的區(qū)別。Compare的定義為：to examine people or things to see how they are similar or different. Contrast的定義為：to compare two or more things to show the difference between them.由定義不難看出前者側(cè)重于找到兩個(gè)或多個(gè)事物的異同,而后者則側(cè)重于它們的不同。看個(gè)例句：

It is interesting to compare their situations to ours./It is interesting to contrast their situations to ours.

前一句翻譯為：對(duì)比一下我們的情況與他們的情況會(huì)很有趣。

后一句的翻譯為：我們的情況與他們的情況有很大的不同,這很有趣。

再看一個(gè)引自O(shè)XFORD ADBANCED LEARNER’S DICTIONARY的例子：

There is an obvious contrast between the culture of East and West.

The company lost $7 million in contrast to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier.

When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast.

不難發(fā)現(xiàn),Compare翻譯為“與。。。相比”而contrast可譯為“明顯不同的是。。。”,切記這種翻譯方式就不會(huì)用錯(cuò)彼此了。

2.assume及claim使用不夠準(zhǔn)確

我們知道, think, assume, claim是議論文中常用引出觀點(diǎn)的動(dòng)詞。在實(shí)際作文中,同學(xué)們往往認(rèn)為幾個(gè)詞的意思是一樣的,完全可以代換,所以拿過來就用。甚至還有同學(xué)把consider也拿過來與之混用。我們首先還是從定義來看這幾個(gè)詞的不同：

Think：to have opinion or belief about sth.

翻譯為“認(rèn)為”,通常接賓語從句來表達(dá)比較確定的觀點(diǎn)。

Assume：to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it.

翻譯為“假設(shè)、假定”,是否有事實(shí)依據(jù)是不確定的。

Claim：to say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it.

翻譯為“聲稱”,用這個(gè)詞往往意味著不贊同緊跟其后的觀點(diǎn),所以很少用作‘I claim that…

Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancer, but in fact,…。

所以‘It is claimed that’通常翻譯為“有報(bào)道稱。。。”。和‘it is reported that’的區(qū)別在于后者翻譯為“據(jù)報(bào)道”,往往代表著作者贊同報(bào)告的內(nèi)容,

Consider：to think about sth carefully, especially in order to make a decision

翻譯為“考慮”,一般不用作引出觀點(diǎn),看個(gè)例子：

We are considering buying a new car.

所以,千萬不要在托福寫作的第一段(觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)段)就因?yàn)橛迷~把握不準(zhǔn)而導(dǎo)致對(duì)整篇文章的低分印象。

3.表“建議”的詞匯后面忘記用虛擬從句

這是摘自學(xué)生托福作文中的一個(gè)病句：

I suggest he continues his study instead of working after graduation from high school.

因?yàn)椤畇uggest’翻譯為“建議”,所以后面的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣,黑體部分應(yīng)該改為“(should) continue”

所以考生一定要牢記以下常見表“建議”的詞匯,而且要記住這些詞接從句時(shí)要用虛擬語氣：

Recommend, suggest, advise

4.such as與for example的混用

我們知道,在表示舉例子的時(shí)候,such as與like是完全等同的,如：Wild flowers such as/like orchids and primroses are becoming rare.

但是同學(xué)們對(duì)于Such as、for example的把握還是不夠準(zhǔn)確。我們都知道,后者接句子前者接詞語表示舉例子。于是就有了下面的寫法：

There is a similar word in many languages, such as in French and Italian.

這里的such as改為for example為好,因?yàn)椤癷n French and Italian”其實(shí)是“there is a similar word in French and Italian”的簡(jiǎn)化,所以要用for example來引出例證。再來看幾個(gè)類似的例子：

It is possible to combine computer science with other subjects, for example physics.

以上是牛學(xué)君為大家整理的關(guān)于托福寫作常見詞匯的內(nèi)容，希望對(duì)大家備考有幫助。大家在平時(shí)寫作練習(xí)中，除了積累一些寫作常用詞匯外，還要積累寫作的素材，組建寫作模板，這些對(duì)于寫作提升都是非常有幫助的。